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2000 真题阅读#

目录#

1. 完形填空#

  1. Implement

  2. vt. 使生效, 贯彻, 执行

  3. n. 工具, 器具, 用具

  4. Insurance

  5. n. 保险

  6. 保险业
  7. 保险费
  8. 保险措施, 安全保障

Phrase

  • Insurance against 对...的保险

Eg. He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance against the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to replace old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to feed the soil.

  1. Self-sufficient

  2. adj. 自给自足的;极为自负的;傲慢的

Eg. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be self-sufficient.

2. 阅读理解#

2.1. Passage 1#

  1. Dreadful

  2. adj. 可怕的；糟透的，令人不快的

  3. Handicap

  4. n. 障碍

  5. (生理或智力上的)缺陷; 残疾
  6. 加给强对手的不利条件
  7. vt. 妨碍; 使不利
  8. 使(某人)行动和生活不正常

Eg. A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force.

  1. Primacy

  2. n. 首位；卓越；大主教的职位

Eg. It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer.

Primary

  • adj. 主要的；初级的；基本的

  • n. 原色；最主要者

  • Retreat

  • n. 撤退；休息寓所；撤退

  • vi. 撤退；退避；向后倾

  • vt. 使后退；退（棋）

  • Predominance

  • n. 优势；卓越

Eg. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful.

Predominant

  • adj. 占主导地位的, 显著的

  • Textile

  • n. 纺织品，织物

  • adj. 纺织的

  • Rope

  • n. 绳，绳索

  • vt. 捆，绑
  • vi. 拧成绳状

Eg. Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America’s machine-tool industry was on the ropes.

  1. Sensational

  2. adj. 轰动的, 群情激动的

  3. 耸人听闻的
  4. 极好的;绝妙的

Eg. Their sometimes sensational findings were filled with warnings about the growing competition from overseas.

Sensation

  • n. 感觉, 感受
  • 知觉
  • 激动, 轰动

Sensate

  • adj. 感知的; 知觉的

  • Solely

  • adv. 唯一地;仅仅;独一无二地

  • Devalued

  • vt. 使贬值；降低…的价值

  • vi. 贬值

Eg. Few Americans attribute this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or the turning of the business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride.

2.2. Passage 2#

  1. Maturity

  2. n. 成熟;成熟期;发育完全

  3. (金融)到期

Eg. Being a man has always been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females, but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among 70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men.

Mature

  • adj. 成熟的；到期的；成年人的；充分考虑的
  • vi. 到期；成熟
  • vt. 使…成熟；使…长成；慎重作出

Amateur

  • adj. 业余的, 非职业的
  • 外行的
  • n. 业余爱好者

  • 外行, 生手

  • Tribal

  • adj. 部落的

  • Poverty

  • n. 贫困；缺少；低劣；困难

Eg. The country offers wealth for a few in the great cities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples.

  1. Grand

  2. adj. 宏伟的；豪华的；极重要的

  3. n. 大钢琴；一千美元

  4. Mediocrity

  5. n. 平庸,第二流;平庸人

Eg. The grand mediocrity of today -- everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring -- means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribes.

Mediocre

  • adj. 中等的,普通的

  • Darwin

  • n. 达尔文

  • 姓氏， 男子名
  • Charles Robert Darwin， 1809-1882， 英国博物学家， 进化论创始人
  • 澳大利亚港市

Eg. Darwin had a phrase to describe those ignorant of evolution: they “look at an organic being as a savage looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond his comprehension.”

2.3. Passage 3#

  1. Poetry

  2. n. 诗篇, 诗歌, 诗集

  3. 作诗法, 诗歌艺术
  4. 诗情, 诗意, 诗一般的美

Eg. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be -- even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right -- it can hardly be classed as Literature.

  1. Conditionally

  2. adv. 有条件地

Eg. This, in brief, is what the Futurist says; for a century, past conditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in a world of noise and violence and speed.

  1. Interpret

  2. vt. 解释; 说明

  3. vt. & vi. 口译; 翻译

Eg. We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress.

  1. Unhampered

  2. adj. 无妨碍的,无阻碍的

Eg. We must pour out a large stream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, or finite verbs.

Hamper

  • vt. 妨碍；束缚；使困累

  • n. 食盒，食篮；阻碍物

  • Ink

  • n. 墨水, 油墨

Eg. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.

Imitate

  • vt. 模仿
  • 把…作为例子

Make up

  • v. 编造, 弥补, 整理, 和解, 化妆, 拼凑成, 制定

  • Explanatory

  • adj. 解释的, 说明的

Eg. Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river -- and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”

  1. Essentially

  2. adv. 本质上;根本上

  3. 必需的

Eg. The whole question is really this: have we essentially changed?

2.4. Passage 5#

  1. Regard

  2. n. 注意；尊重；凝视；问候

  3. vt. 把…看作；注重，考虑；看待；尊敬；与…有关
  4. vi. 注意，注重；注视

Eg. If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition -- wealth, distinction, control over one’s destiny -- must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition’s behalf.

  1. Hypocrisy

  2. n. 伪善, 虚伪

Eg. There is heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped -- with the educated themselves riding on them.

  1. Spectacle

  2. n. 壮观的场面或景象

  3. 可笑的事物; 愚蠢的景象

  4. 眼镜

  5. Materialism

  6. n. 唯物主义;唯物论;实利主义;物质主义

Eg. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.

相反，我们目睹的虚伪景象似乎比以往任何时候都多：在南安普顿拥有避暑别墅的美国物欲主义批评家；到三星宾馆就餐的激进书籍出版商倡导终生参与民主制却把子女送进私立学校的新闻记者。

Participatory

  • adj. 供人分享的

Radical

  • adj. 根本的, 基本的; 彻底的, 完全的

  • 激进的, 激进派的

  • Stirring

  • adj. 忙碌的；活跃的，活泼的；激动人心的

  • v. 激起（stir的ing形式）

  • Prompting

  • n. 推动,奖励,驱使

Eg. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed.

  1. Sly

  2. adj. 狡猾的; 狡诈的

  3. 会意的; 会心的

Eg. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly.

  1. Customary

  2. adj. 习惯上的, 惯常的, 合乎习俗的

Eg. In the UK, it is customary for the next heir to the throne to be regent.

Custom

  • n. 风俗；习惯；海关

  • adj. 定制的，定做的

  • Fulfillment

  • n. 完成,履行;实现

  • 满足(感),成就(感)

Eg. He was willing to face any hardship in fulfillment of his duty.

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